The aorta moves further and supplies the blood to the body and blood eventually reaches to umbilical arteries. Due to this reason, most of the blood is pushed from the pulmonary artery into the aorta through a special connection called ductus arteriosus, due to which mixing of the blood takes place in the aorta.Ĭerebral arteries and coronary arteries originate from the early part of the aorta (early to ductus arteriosus) so these arteries have highly oxygenated blood. Collapsed fetal lungs and compressed pulmonary vasculature provide more resistance to the incoming blood, so little blood goes to the lungs. As fetal lungs are not functional, all the blood cannot go to the pulmonary vasculature. Some blood also goes from the right atrium to the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries. The left atrium also receives the very little amount of blood coming from the lungs so mixing of blood also takes place in the left atrium and it pushes the blood into the left ventricle and eventually blood goes into the aorta. Most of the blood goes from the right atrium into the left atrium through an opening called foramen ovale present in septum secundum. Blood goes into the right atrium where blood again mixes with less oxygenated blood because the right atrium also receives the less oxygenated blood from the superior vena cava. A little mixing of the blood takes place in the liver.Īs the inferior vena cava receives blood from the lower part of the body so mixing of blood also takes place in the inferior vena cava. After the exchange, oxygenated blood moves from the placenta to the fetal circulation through the umbilical vein (80% O2 saturation).įurther, this blood moves towards the liver where sinusoids receive a small amount of the blood and most of the blood goes into the inferior vena cava through ductus venosus (the connection between the umbilical vein and IVC).
These arteries further divide into chorionic arteries in the chorionic villi where the exchange of substances takes place. Fetal blood goes into the placenta through umbilical arteries (58% O2 saturation).
The umbilicus has two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein. Normal Fetal Circulation Umbilical Arteries and Vein Master Medical Sciences with crystal clear concepts. Not a member? Sign up now to access 800+ videos on Basic Medical Sciences & Clinical Medicine. Fetal Circulation Watch Free Online Medical Video Lecture on Fetal Circulation
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